Elevator.



C. 0. PBARSUN.

BLEVATOR.

APPLxoATIoN FILED om?. 2a, 190s.

Patented Dec. 19, 1911.

3 SHEBTB-BHEET 1.

ma fw@ :NVENTOR /f ATTORNEY wnnssses sw @u C. 0. PBARSON.

BLEVATUR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2al 190BA Patented Dec. 19, 191 l 3 SHEETS-SHEET2.

INVENTOR C. 0. PEARSON.

ELEVATOR.

APPLIGATIDN FILED oc'r. 23, 190e.

ATTORNEY 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Pgtented Dec. 19, 1911.

WMM

U NirEn .iTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES O. PEARSQN, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOLR TO OTIS ELEVATORCOMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Deo. 19, 1911.

Application filed October 23, 1908, Serial No. 459,117.

To all 'whom 1t may concern:

llo it known that. I, CHARLES O. lnAnsoN,

a. citizen of the United States, und a resident oi the horoiigh ofBrooklyn, in the county oi Kin s, in the city and State of New York,United States of America, have invented certain new und usefulimprovements in lllm'ators, Of-which the following is u specification. Mv invention relates to elevators and its object is to provide a simpleapparatus of this character in which an internal combustion engine orsimilar form of prime mover may he used as the motive poiver.

This invention provides zx. control system for the eleratoi whichcomprises means for controlling the engine and devices for connectingand disconnect-ing.the ei'iginc with und fron the hoisting apparatus.

Further objects of my invention will appear inthe followingspecification in which 1 `will describe the various parts of an appar-utils which comprises my invention, and the novel features of whichI will point out in the appended claims.

Referring to thc drawings, Figure 1 is a plan vieu of an elevatorhoisting apparatos und an internal combustion engine to` gether withtheir associated parts, some of which are shown in section. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of the engine. Figx is a sectional end elevation of theengine, the section being taken through one oiits cylinders on the line3 3 of Fig. 2. In Fig. 4 the engine is shown in plan View with itsintake or supply pipes shown in section. Fig. 5 is a sectional sideelevation of one of the clutches which I use in carrying out myinvention. In Fig. 6 a sectional end elevation of this clutch is shown.The section in this figure is taken on line 6--6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is aside elevation of the hoisting apparatus with its connected car andcounterweight and some of the other parts of the apparatus. Fig. 8 is asectional erd elevation, through the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, showing a brakeaind its actuatin mechanism. Fig. 9 is another sectional enelevalion onthe line 9-9 of Fig.' 7 ,and shows a pair of reversing gears and a .artof 'the clutch actuating mechanism. ig. 10 is a sectional plnn view ofan automatic sto mechanism ig. 11 is a side elevation ofp theelevator-cur and a modified form of operating mechanism.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of theIi res.

10 designates a hase upon Whic the hoisting apparatus, the engine, andsome of the other parts of the apparatus are mounted.

designates the prime mover which, in this case, is shown as afour-cylinder foureycle lBlasclene engine, but which, for the purposesof this invention, may be any desire-d form of motor. 21 is its intakeor supply pipe through which the fuel is supplied to the engine from acarburetor 22 which is connected by a pipe 23 with a gasolene tank 24.25 is a filllng inlet for thls tank.

26 is the exhaust pipe through which the spent gases may `be passedthrough a mufller 27 and led, oliby a pipe 28 to any desired place.

29 is the shaft of the engine.

30 is a. circulating pump for the water jacket of the engine. Tins isshown as a rotary pump mounted upon the engine shaft 29.

31 is a water tank vlhich may be filled` through an inlet. 3P. It isconnected by a pipe 32 with the intake of the pump.

33 is the supply pipe from the pump to the cooling jacket and 34 is thereturn pipe from the water-jacket to the tank.

35 designates a centrifugal governor mount-ed upon the end of the engineshaft und arranged to act upon a sliding collar 86 and to pull it overagainst the action of a coin}'uossion spring 37 when the engine is .inmotion. A` lever 38, which is pivoted et 39, is arranged to transmit themovement of this collar to other parts of the mecha msm.

40 is a controlling rod, one end of which is connected with the lever 38at 39. Its other end is connected with one arm of a hell-crank lever 41at 42. The other arm of this bell-crank level' carries an antifrictionroller 43 which is arranged to be acted upon by a cam 44 on the end ofan arm 45 which is pivoted at 46 and which is connected with the otherparts of the ap aratus in a manner which I will point out iereinV after.

The usual inlet and exhaust valves for the engine and a purt of theiroperating mechanism are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.' These are well-knownand, as they form no art of this invention, will not specifica. 1y de-`upon a shifting rod 56 by a spring 57.

scribe them. In these ligures, as well as in Figs. 1 and 4, a standard sarking mechanism is shown. This is we l-known in the art so I will pointout only such parts thereof as will be necessary to fully disclose theoperation of my invention.

50 isa countershaft driven by the en -ne shaft and arranged to drive avertical siaft 51 foreach of the engine cylinders. On the u per end ofeach of these vertical shafts is aixed a disk 52. From one side of eachof these disks a pin 53 projects which drives an actuatin arm 54. Eachof these actuating arms 1s held back against a rollerl'r l515 e time atwhich'rthe spark-points are actuated relative to the movement of theengine pistons is governed by the position of this shifting rod and itsrollers.

One end of shifting rod 56 is'rigidly connected with a throttle valverod 59 by a bracket 58. This throttle valve rod controls passagesbetween the intake or supply pipe 21 and each of the inlet va'lves tothe cylinders. Its other end is connected at 47 to a lever 48 which ispivoted at 49. The lower end of this lever 48 is connected with thelever 38 and through the latter with the con'- trolling rod 40.

A gear 60 on'the engine shaft 29 is in mesh with a similar gear 61 on acountershaft 62 which is su ported in pedestal bearings 12 and 13 a xedto the base 10.

VThe rear end of the engine shaft is supported in a like bearing 11. Acollar 63 1s slidably mounted uplonthe shaft 29 and is arranged torotate t erewith. A non-rotating inner collar 64 is within collar 63 andseparated therefrom by anti-friction bearings 65.

66 is a clutch member rigidly allixed to the shaft 29. This carries aair of ,clutchdogs 67 which are upwardl s idable therein and areconnected wlth col ar 63 by links 68 and toggle levers 69.

70 designates a housing which is loosely `mounted upon the engine shaft29. The clutch-dogs 67. are arranged' to be pushed outward intoengagement with the inner surface of this housing. The rear portion ofVthe housing forms a spur-gear 71 which is in mesh with a gear 81 on theshaft 80 of the hoisting apparatus. 72 is another housinguponcountershaft 62. The rear portion of this housing forms a gear 73which is also in mesh with the gear 81. Clutch-'dogs 74 in a clutchmember 7 5 keyed to the shaft 62 are arranged to engage with an innersurface of the housing 72 and are arranged to be actuated'from a slidingcollar 76 on countershaft 62 through a mechanism like that abovedescribed.

I have previously pointed out a lever 45 pivoted at' 46. From Fig. 9 itmay be seen that this pivot is a hollow post over a stationary verticalshaft, and that from the lower part of this post a horizontal arm 77projects, and that the arm 45 is connected with the inner collars of thesliding collars 63 and 76 at 78 and 79, respectively.

The shaft 80 is supported on a pedestal bearing 14. Keyed to this shaftis a brakel sheave 82. A pair of brake-shoes 83 are arranged to act uponthe brake-sheave 82. These shoes are supported upon levers 84 which arepivoted at 85 in a bracket 15 upon the base 10. A rod 86, which isconnected with one of the brake-levers84 and passes through the otherone, carries a compression sprin 87 which draws the levers together an aplies the brake shoes to the sheave 82. 'l e upper end of the rod 86 isythreaded and provided with nuts by means of which the tension of thesprin 87 may be adjusted. The outer ends of t e brake- -levers may bepushed apart by a cam 88 upon a rocker-shaft 89.

90 is aworm-wheel upon shaft 80 which is in mesh with and arranged todrive a gear 91 fast upon a shaft 92, to which `the winding drum 93 isaffixed. A car 94 is connected with one side of this drum by suitableropes or cables 95, and a counterweight 96 is connected with the otherside of the drum by ropes o-r cables 97.

100 is an operating cable which passes through the car 94 within easyreach of an operator. This passes over supporting and guiding sheaves101 and 102, and under a shea've 103 which is pivotally mounted upon theframe Vof the ho1stin a paratus.

104 and 105 are stopal s aflixed to the cable 100 and arranged to beengaged by the car to shift the rope when the car nears the ends of itspath of travel.

106 is a gear rigidly connected with-sheave 103 and in mesh with theoperating ear 107 which is rotatably supported upon s aft 92 of thehoisting apparatus. Ashipper-bar 108 is connected with this o eratinggear by a pin 109. The other end o the shipper-bar is connected at 110with a rocker-lever 111 rigidly mounted upon rocker-shaft 89.= Therocker-shaft is mounted in a pedestal 16 upon base 10. 112 is anotherrocker-lever keyed to the rocker-shaft and extending downwardlytherefrom.

113 is a shipper-rod extending from the lower end of rocker-lever 112 tothe outer end of the horizontal arm 77. A turn-buckle 20 'member travelsin or out on this threaded .portion of the shaft when the winding drumis rotating in one direction or the other to cause the car to move up ordown. Vhen the driven shaft is rotating anti-clockwise to drive the carup, this member will move in until it meets a shoulder on one of a pairof adjusting nuts'll'?, when the nuts which are fast on the shaft willcause -the yoke 9S and the operating gear 107 to rotate with the shaft.This will cause various parts of tho apparatus to be moved to stop. Thenuts 11T are so adjusted that this operation will take place as the earnears the upper limit of its travel. Similarly, when the drum and itsshaft are rotating in the opposite direction to lower the ear the member1.16 will travel outward until arrested by the adjusting nuts 118 whichwill then eause the operating gear 107 to be rotated to the right whichwill again stop the car. The nuts 118 are set to cause this operation totake plaoe as the car nears the lower end of its path of travel.

I will now describe the operation of the various mechanisms which havebeen pointed out.

The engine 2t) may be started by hand or in any other desired manner.Its sparking mechanism will be supplied with current from a battery 17passing through a sparking coil 18 when the switch 19 is closed. Theengine will continue to rotate in one direction as long desired but maybe stopped by cutting ot'l" the ignition current onthe fuel supply. Itsspeed will be controlled by the governor which, through the mechanismbefore described, will shift the rod 56 which governs the sparkingmechanism and the throttle valve rod 5S) which Controls the size of thesupply ports. W'hen the engine is running idle these ports may bearranged to retard the time ot the. ignition sparks relative to themovements of the pistons and to parti)Y close the inlet ports so thatthe engine will not race, but may even run below its normal speed. Now,when an operator in the ear desires to have the car run up he will pulldown upon `the hand-rope 100 to cause the shipper-rod 108 to be pushedover to the ri ghtthrough the mechanical connections previouslydescribed. The earn 88 will be rotated thereby to release the brake. Atthe same time the shipper-rod 113 will pull the horizontal arm 77 to theleft, thereby sliding the collars 76 and (i3 on their respective shaftsand causing the clutch-dogs 74 to engage with the housing 72. Therotation of the engine shaft will then be transmitted through gears 60and G1, countershaft 62, gears 73 and 81, shaft 80 and ears 90 and 91 tothe shaft 92 and the windmg drum 93. The latter, through the cableconnections, will cause the car to travel upward and the counterweightto move in the opposite direction. When the arm 45 has thus been moved,it will cause the earn 44 and the bellcrank lever 4l1 to stuft thecontrollino rod 10 over to the lei't. The tirst effect o? this will beto shift the tln'ottle'valve rod 59 to open wide the t'ucl inlets and toad Vance the sparking mechanism to speed up the engine. The fulcrum 3Uot' lever 3S will also be changed, so that while the governor will auton the same parts as before, it will do so at a higher rate ot' speed.The parts are so arranged that the operator in the ear may move thefulcruln 39 a certain amount without releasing the cluteli so that thespeed of the engine may be controlled from the car while the engine isconnected with the hoisting apparatus. The movement of the car willcontinue until the car, striking against stop-ball 105, will cause theoperating gear 10T to pull the shipper-rod 10S and the parts whi'eh itcontrols back to their original positions. This ship1'ierrod and itsconnected parts may also be drawn back to stop the apparatus by theconductor in the car pulling the operatingrope 100. The .same operationmay be accomplished auto,- matieally b ,v the traveling member 116 com`ing into engagement with the adjusting nuts 11T upon the threadedportion 115 of the drinn shutt. Yhenever the shipper-rod 108 is broughtback to its original position in any of the above manners. the cam 88will be brought back to its horizontal position to allow the compressionspring 87 to apply the brake-shoes, and at the same time, will more thesliding collars back to their original positions to release theclutch-dogs Tft from the housing 72. The parts, therefore, will bebrought back intov their original positions. Thus the brakeshoes will beapplied, the clutch released` and the controller rod pulled back to slowdown the engine.

then it is desired to cause-the ear t0 run down, the hand-rope is pulledup to cause the shipper'bar 108 to be shifted to the left. Theoierations before described will take place, ut in this ease theclutch-does 67 will lock the housing 70 and the gear 1 to the elutehmember 66, and the engine shaft will then cause the shaft 80 and thewinding drum 93 to rotate in the opposite direction. The hoistingapparatus and the car may he stopped by the operator at any time, but ifthe car continues until it nears its .lower landing, it mayr be stoppedmanualliY or automatically by the car striking the stop-ball 104, or bythestop-motion device on the end of shaft 92. i

The controlling mechanism which is shown in Fig. 11 may' be used to takethe place of the same hand-rope device shown in Fig. 10. 1n this case ahand-wheel sheave 120 is placed in the car, and the operating rope 121is run over it. Near the hoisting apparatas a pair of tilting sheaves122 are placed These are pi votally supported upon opposite sides of asheave 123. The rope 121 is run under these tilting sheaves, thence upand over a pair of supporting sheaves 124 near the top ot theelevatonhatchviray and down to the car J4 to which its ends areattached. By this arrangement, whenever the handn'heel in the car ismoved in o1 e direction or the other, the sheave 123 will be rotated.This rotation will be transmitted to a shipper-sheave 107A and to theother parts of the apparatus hy means of a connecting rope or chain 125.This construction is especially adaptable for high-speed elevators, asby it the operator has a better control of the engine and the otherparts of the control system.

The ap aratus herein shiown and described diers materially from abelt-machine-elevator as it is a comp ete machine in itself mounted upona single 1 ase-plate, and not only is the connecting mechanismcontrolled from the car, but thle speed of the engine itself will alsobe controlled by the operator in the car. Moreover, the mechanicalconnections between the engine and the ear in this case are positive andsafe. The engine is arranged to be run continuously in one direction,but its speed is automatically reduced when it is running idle, and itsfuel inlets reduced in size so that its fuel consumption is materiallyreduced.

l. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an inlcrnal combustionengine, and mechanical means for controlling the engine from the car.

'2. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine, and mechanical means actuated from the car for controlling theengine and for connecting and disconnecting the engine with and fromthel hoisting apparatus.

3. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an inter'ial combustionengine, and mechanical means for connecting and disco necting the enginewith and from the hoisting apparatus and controlling the speed thereoffrom the car. i

4. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, aninter al combustlon engine, a clutch for connecti g the engine with saidelevator hoisting a paratus, and mechanical means for actuat ng thebrake and the clutch together and controlling the.

engine from the car.

5. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, aninternal combustionengine, a pair of clutches for connecting the enginewith said hoisting apparatus, and mechanical means for actuating eitherof said clutches and the brake together and controlling the engine fromthe car.

6. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a brake therefor, a car, aninternal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in onedirection, reverse gearing, a clutch for connecting the engine directlywith said hoisting apparatus, another clutch for connecting the enginewith the hoisting apparatus through said reverse gearing, and mechanical means for actuating said clutches and the brake together andcontrolling the engine from the car. 1

7. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a governorarranged to control the speed thereof, mechanical means actuated fromthe car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus andchanging the adjustment of the governor to increase the speed of theengine.

8. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine arrange to be run continuously in one direction, a throttle valverod and a spark-adjusting device arran ed to control the speed of theengine, mec anically actuated means controlled from the car forconnecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus and for shifting thethrottle valve rod and Sparkadjusting device when the engine is thusconnected With the hoisting apparatus to control the speed of the enginefrom the car.

9. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, a throttlevalve rod and a spark-adjusting device, a governor connected therewithand arranged to control the speed of the en `ne, mechanically actuatedmeans controlled rom the car for connecting the engine with saidhoisting apparatus and for shifting the throttle valve andspark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connected with thehoisting apparatus to modify the effect of the governor and to controlthe speed of the engine from the car.

l0. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, a multiple-cylinderinternal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in onedirection, a throttle valve rod and a sparlcadjusting device arranged toetfect every cylinder of the engine, a governor connected with thethrottle valve rod and the spark-adjusting device to automaticallycontrol the speed of the engine, mechanically actuated means controlledfrom the car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus todrive the car in either direction and for shitting the throttle valverod and the spark-adjusting device when the engine is thus connectedwith the hoisting apparatus to modify the ei'ect of the governor, toincrease the speed of the engine, and to control the engine from thecar.

l1. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatusV comprising a winding drum, amultiple-cyl` inder internal combustion engine arranged to be runcontinuously in one direction, a base-plate upon which the hoistingapparatus and the engine are mounted, a throttle valve rod and aspark-adjusting device arranged to att'ect every cylinder of the engine,a governor connected with the throttle valve rod and the spark-adjustingdevice to automatically control the speed of the engine; a car and acounterweight. cables connecting the car and countemveight with thewinding drinn, mechanically actuated clutches manually controlled fromthe car for connecting the engine with the hoisting apparatus to drivethe car in either direction. and means for shifting the throttle 'valve.rod and the spark-adjusting device when -the engine is thus connectedWith the hoisting pparatus to modify the effect. ot' the governor toincrease the speed' of the engine, and to control the speed of theengine from the car.

12. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car. an internal combustionengine, mechaniV cally actuated means controlled from the car forconnecting the engine With the hoisting apparatus and increasing thespeed of the engine. and for disconnecting the engine from the hoistingapparatus and decreasing the speed of 4the engine,

13. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine arranged to he run continuously in one direction, a throttlevalve rod and a sparlcad justing device arranged to control the speed ofthe engine, mechanically actuated means controlled from the car forconnecting the engine with said hoisting apparatus and for shifting thethrottle valve rod and spark-adjusting device when the engine is thusconnected with the hoisting apparatus to increase the speed of theengine, and for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus andfor shifting haelt the throttle valve rod and sparlcadjusting device fordecreasing the speed otE the engine.

i4. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine, 1nechanical means manually actuated from the car for controllingthe engine and for connecting and disconnecting the engine with and fromsaid apparatus to start and stop the car, and automatic means fordisconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus to stop saidhoisting apparatus when the rar nears the ends of its path of travel.

15. In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustionengine arranged to be run continuously in one direction, mechanicalmeans manually actuated from the car for controlling the engine and forconnecting and disconnecting the engine with and from said apparatus tostart and stop the car. and meansl actuated by the movement of the carfor automatically disconnecting the engine from the. hoisting apparatusto stop said hoisting apparatus when the car nears the ends of its pathof travel.

1G. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a car, an internal combustione'ngine arranged to he run continuously in one direction, mechanicalmeans manually actuated from the car for controlling the engine and forconnecting the engine with said apparatus to start the car in eitherdirection, and for disconnecting the engine from said alipz-iratus tostop the car, means actuated by the movement of the cur, and other meansactuated by the movement of the twisting apparatus for automaticallydisconnecting the engine from said hoisting apparatus to stop saidhoisting apparatus when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

1T. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, a hralte therefor, a car, aninternal combustion engine arranged to be run continuously in onedirection, a reverse gearing, a clutch for connecting the engine withsaid hoisting apparatus. another clutch for connecting the engine withthe hoisting apparatusdthrough said reverse gearing, manually controlledmechanical means for controlling the spetd of the engine and for actuasaid clutches and the brake together from the rar to start the car ineither direction and to stop the car, and means actuated by theincrement of the car for automatically releasing the clutches andapplying the brake to disconnect the engine and to stop the hoistingapparatus when the car nears the ends of its path of travel.

18. ln an elevator, a hoisting apparatus a rar, an internal combustionengine, me chanically actuated means manually controlled from the carfor connecting the engine. with the hoisting apparatus and increasingthe speed of the engine, and for disconnecting the engine from thehoisting apparatus and decreasing the speed of the engine, and automaticmeans for disconnecting the engine from the hoisting apparatus,decreasing the speed of the engine, and stopi'iing the car at the endsof its travel.

it). In an elevator, a hoisting apparatus, comprising a winding drum anda brake, a multiple cylinder internal combustion cngine, a pedestal uponwhich the hoisting apparatus and engine are mounted, a throttle valverod and a sparlcadjusting device arranged to atl'ect every cylinder ofthe engine, a governor on the engine shaft connected with the throttlevalve rod and the spark-adjusting device to automatically control thespeed of the engine; al car and a, counterveight, cables connecting thecar and counterweight with the Winding drum, reverse gearing,mechanically actuated clutph es for connecting the engine shaft directlywith the hoisting apparatus to drive the car in one direction, or forconnecting the engine shaft with the hoisting apparatus through saidreverse gearing to drive the car in the other direction, means forshifting the valve rod and lthe spark-adjusting device when the engineis thus connected with the hoisting apparatus to modify the effect ofthe governor to increase the speed of the engine, an operating roperunning through the car and connected with said brake, clutches andshifting means, stop-bulls upon said operating rope arranged to beengaged by the ear to stop the car at the ends of its path 0f travel,and an automatic stopmotion device on the hoisting apparatus alsoarranged to stop the car at the ends of its path of travel.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES 0. PEARSON.

Witnesses:

ERNEST W'. MARSHALL, ELLA TUCH.y

